mirror a motivation to independence of expression plus the healing electric power of artwork. Gwangju?�s tradition can be a testament to its citizens??power and creativity.|Explore the solemn grounds from the May 18th Countrywide Cemetery, where by heroes of your Gwangju Uprising are memorialized. This guided tour gives insights in to the activities of Could 1980, providing a profound look at Gwangju?�s struggle for democracy and human legal rights.|Mokpo?�s improvement was imperative that you The federal government-Common right after annexation, not simply for rice, and also for cotton. Referencing a 1914 report back to the throne, missionary statesman Arthur Judson Brown mentioned that Governor-General Terauchi precisely took credit rating for establishing an educational station in Mokpo that taught new agricultural units to be able to increase cotton yields.17 However, in advance of this, upland cotton cultivation experiments had been correctly performed out about the tiny Gohado island through Wakamatsu Dosabaru?�s time as consul in Mokpo (appointed 1904).|The park also functions an outside amphitheater where by concert events and occasions are held. It?�s a peaceful retreat for anyone wanting to escape the city hustle and luxuriate in mother nature.|Suncheon Bay Back garden showcases eco-friendly style and beautiful botanical displays, which makes it a necessity-pay a visit to for mother nature lovers. Discover the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve, a normal habitat for migratory birds and home to large reed fields.|This is certainly even easier to remember than English. The only real big distinction in Swedish would be that the negation marker arrives after the verb, not just before it.|Swedish Diplomatic mission in South Korea. On this web page you'll find info on specific aspects including consulate Call information, World-wide-web presence, consular Business several hours and Instructions into the consulate.|A lot of the displays have interactive factors that allow for readers to utilize their imaginations To find out more about their scientific knowledge.|Travelers have long been drawn to the massive Buk-gu district in Gwangju?�s jap area for its abundant purely natural beauty, which commences on the slopes with the mountain?�s central Mount Mudeungsan.|Artistic Souls Unite: Gwangju is famously often known as the town of sunshine, but it surely?�s also a city of artwork. Property for the esteemed Gwangju Biennale, this town buzzes with Artistic Vitality, from chopping-edge galleries to vibrant Avenue art that tells stories of hope and resilience.|No matter whether you prefer your oyster pancakes crispy or fluffy, spicy or delicate, Mokpo provides a various selection of flavors to accommodate every single palate. So, seize a seat at one of those top rated places and prepare to embark with a culinary journey with the prosperous gastronomic heritage of Mokpo!|The Hanseatic League were formally shaped at Lübeck on The ocean coast of Northern Germany in 1356. The Hanseatic League sought civil and commercial privileges from your princes and royalty of your countries and towns along the coasts with the Baltic Sea.[fifty nine] In Trade they offered a certain number of security. Getting their own individual navy the Hansa were in a position to brush the Baltic Sea free of pirates.[60] The privileges obtained from the Hansa provided assurances that only Hansa citizens can be allowed to trade through the ports wherever they ended up Positioned.|Hey there, foodies! Nowadays, I?�m enthusiastic to share with you a scrumptious recipe to get a specialty dish from Mokpo ??Guljeon, a savory oyster pancake which will tantalize your flavor buds and transport you towards the coastal city of Mokpo.|Given that the current distanced itself Progressively more within the transform of your nineteenth century, Noreen?�s label The natural way became less and fewer beneficial. For that reason, in 1988, Thelander instructed that LMS be followed by a 3rd time period starting off about 1880: contemporary nysvenska|Nearby is Kyeongdong Catholic Church, a making that is often forgotten by site visitors to Mokpo but is kind of attention-grabbing provided its construction date. Focus on the church developing started in 1952 ??in the middle of the Korean War ??but wasn?�t completed right up until immediately after in 1954. It can be then heart warming to find out a location such as this produced throughout a time of a great deal of destruction; and it was not the one Catholic church being designed over the war.}
Walking: A lot of Gwangju?�s attractions can be found in walkable distances, specifically within the downtown space and all around cultural sites. The town is supplied with pedestrian-helpful sidewalks and crosswalks, creating strolling a nice and safe option for sightseeing. once-a-year meeting on the sewing associations experienced just been postponed for no good cause, G. achieved for his sweaty forehead.|A lot of the Wooden-sided, clay-walled buildings that were when so ubiquitous however remain too. Most of their facades have transformed through the years, nonetheless if you seem down the alleys to catch a side see on the structures, or to try to obtain a see of the 2nd flooring, normally their uncovered timber remains to be noticeable.|Sweden remains non-aligned militarily, although it participates in certain joint military workouts with NATO and Another countries, Along with in depth cooperation with other European countries in the region of defence technologies and defence marketplace. Amongst Other individuals, Swedish organizations export weapons which are utilized by the American military services in Iraq.|Engage in a conventional Korean tea ceremony, in which you?�ll study the artwork and etiquette of tea planning and repair. This tranquil working experience offers a glimpse into Korea?�s wealthy cultural heritage.|??However|Nevertheless|Nonetheless|Even so|On the other hand|Having said that}, king C. did not take into account them being murderers when they acknowledged him as their king, nor had been bishops V and M considered to be murderers if they crowned him Together with the Archbishop, but they might be burnt as murderers.|Taxis: Obtainable and within your means, taxis in Gwangju can be a practical choice for direct routes or when community transportation schedules are minimal.|Also, when Sweden did establish and freed itself from the Hanseatic League and entered its golden period, The truth that the peasantry experienced customarily been no cost meant that more of your economic Gains flowed back to them rather than planning to a feudal landowning course.[63] This was not the case in other countries of Europe like Poland where the peasantry was however bound by serfdom and a robust feudalistic land proudly owning process.}
When other Westerners did go to Mokpo, the scarcity of foreign faces was mentioned in June of 1899 by Eugene Bell once we wrote to his sister that, ??We are so Slice off in this article from other people that it is a good treat to view outsiders.|. What's more, Swedish is the only real Germanic language that generally has a strict particle??object|item} order, even when the item is a lightweight pronoun as in märkt upp dem|Superbly planted with a variety of trees and flower gardens, Sajik Park blooms pink and white with cherry blossoms on a yearly basis in mid-April. |Irrespective of whether you?�re a foodstuff fanatic or simply planning to discover new flavors, Guljeon is essential-consider that will surely leave a long-lasting perception. So, subsequent time you?�re in Mokpo, make sure to indulge in this delightful take care of and immerse your self inside the flavors of this coastal city.|Furthermore, it will make Studying Swedish a whole lot much easier. But, watch out. There are also Untrue cognates in Swedish. These text search common, but they've fully distinct and unanticipated meanings. Often watch out for these when you?�re learning Swedish.|After a prolonged working day spent investigate Gwangju, shell out time calming at Pungam Reservoir. Originally built for agricultural purposes, officials redeveloped it right into a park in 1999. Surrounded by trees, pavilions, and parkland, it is actually the ideal spot to exercising or enjoy the whole world go by.|We hope that you've got an excellent time in Gwangju and that this vacation guideline has served you take advantage of within your excursion. Protected travels!|While South Korea has become on the list of environment?�s primary democracies, it wasn?�t generally so absolutely free. Ahead of its democratization, the region was under the Charge of authoritarian leader President Park Chung-hee for 18 many years. After his assassination in 1979, the military services seized electric power.|So, don?�t overlook the chance to indulge in this delectable handle at the most effective sites Mokpo has to offer. Your style buds will thanks for it!|Yangdong Marketplace is Gwangju?�s oldest regular industry, presenting a vivid atmosphere where site visitors can shop for local develop, clothes, and handmade merchandise. The marketplace can also be well known for its foods stalls, serving delectable Korean Road food and regular dishes.|From your connection beneath, you'll find info on how the Swedish mission procedures personal info that may be submitted on the Swedish mission for a copyright.|The sole big distinction from the Swedish sentence composition is the lack of the definite post. So, how do articles or blog posts get the job done in the Swedish language?|Yeosu charms site visitors with its gorgeous coastal scenery and the spectacular Expo 2012 web-site, now a park with futuristic architecture and ocean-themed pavilions. Journey the Yeosu Cable Automobile for amazing views of the coastline and islands.|The value of this case cannot be overstated. Experienced the Western nations installed their particular diplomats and invested within the settlement, Mokpo would've been extremely different. In the case of Russia, they did check out, however it looks as if they may are somewhat picky. A Russian Military officer backed by battleships demanded the proper for Russia to invest in the tiny Gohado island before the Mokpo port in December of 1897. The Korean government refused.|Paternally, by way of their Y-DNA haplogroups, the Swedes are fairly various and clearly show strongly of Haplogroup I1d1 at in excess of forty% on the population tested in numerous scientific studies, accompanied by R1a1a and R1b1a2a1a1 with in excess of twenty% Each and every and haplogroup N1c1 with around 5% at diverse regional variance. The remainder are inside of haplogroups J and E1b1b1 and other a lot less typical types.[ninety eight][citation needed]|However, it seems that the builders didn?�t pick the very best spot To place a considerable, heavy stone church. In 1966, the ground shifted and triggered the entry facade to crack. Your complete front segment was dismantled and reconstructed, And that's why it doesn?�t match the remainder of the original constructing.|Nevertheless, individuals that decide on to not scale this peak will even now have a great deal to do. The Gwangju Countrywide Museum is one particular this kind of attraction, mainly because it has artifacts from surrounding provinces.|When you have to look for a spot to continue to be close to the Swedish consulate we offer a helpful hotel research box for accommodation inside a resort or guesthouse in Gwangju, South Korea.|Around the east aspect of Mokpo?�s harbor is really a purely natural Sandstone and Tafoni formation identified as Gatbawi. Two figureheads that appear to be donning traditional Korean hats are carved out by erosion more than the study course of countless yrs.|On the southern slope of Yudalsan in order to the west of the previous Japanese consulate lies the largest private backyard garden in your complete Honam location. Made inside the 1930s by a Japanese named Uchidani Manppei, this regular Japanese garden little by little transformed varieties article-liberation as subsequent Korean entrepreneurs built it more Baekje-like.|The market buzzes with Electricity as suppliers skillfully put together these savory treats proper ahead of your eyes, making certain a dining experience like no other.}
Expertise the pure speculate of the Jindo Sea Parting Festival, a unique phenomenon that occurs two times a calendar year, enabling readers to walk amongst islands over the uncovered sea mattress. Find the prosperous musical heritage of Jindo via its conventional Korean folks music, specifically the Jindo Arirang.
It?�s an architectural landmark that hosts a variety of cultural events, from movie festivals to artwork exhibitions. The middle is usually a testomony to Gwangju?�s determination to cultural range and Intercontinental cooperation.-contemplating, resilient, and ever welcoming.|Thus, the South Korean democracy activists who labored diligently As well as in fantastic particular danger to file what transpired during the revolt and slaughter of May perhaps 1980 are largely answerable for the legacy with the Gwangju Uprising.|As well as the genitive situation exhibits possession. So, if you wish to place a noun within the genitive case, all You must do is include an -s suffix to the top. This is certainly very similar to the way you exhibit possession in English Along with the ?�s.|Citizens from the next countries/territories demand a visa when entering Sweden, Test the checklist.|Which?�s not all. With regards to the gender and variety of the noun, the suffixes have different varieties. While this isn?�t a massively tricky idea to grasp, it?�s unquestionably over English?�s solitary ?�the??}
The structure is exclusive for its utilization of stone within an in any other case conventional Edo-style Buddhist temple. Though colonial Buddhist temples are indeed scarce in Korea, this construction is the only considered one of its type. It features ornamental stonework on the facade that imitates Edo temple woodwork., vibrant, and deeply rooted in the land.|Inside the to start with yr with the port?�s opening, Gojong?�s governing administration filled from the village?�s seaside farmland to be used like a foreign settlement, presumably destroying or displacing a lot of the the first local people.five On Oct 16, 1897, an arrangement known as the ?�Mokpo Collective Regulation with the Frequent Concession??was signed by Associates from Japan, the United states, France, Germany, England, and Russia, and it dictated which aspects of the settlement may very well be produced by each place.|ten. Mudeung Park Hotel: Situated at The bottom of Mudeungsan Mountain, this lodge combines advantage with scenic attractiveness, offering guests which has a peaceful retreat following a working day of Discovering.|As we conclude this Gwangju vacation tutorial, we hope that it's got presented you with beneficial information and facts and insights to assist you to prepare your trip to this awesome city in South Korea.|Combined with the 3000 different tree species, at Lake Eco Park, people also can study how birds hatch and grow.|This dish is an excellent mixture of flavors and textures, combining contemporary oysters having a crispy pancake batter to produce a mouthwatering address that is certain to impress your family and friends. So, with no further more ado, Allow?�s dive in to the recipe and bring a flavor of Mokpo towards your kitchen area!|It?�s a favorite among locals and vacationers for picnics, mountain climbing, and Checking out mother nature. The park?�s highlights incorporate the popular Jeungsimsa Temple and the peak of Mudeungsan Mountain, offering panoramic sights of the city.|Bunwon-ri in Gwangju took an important function of ceramic manufacturing through the Kingdom of Joseon. There had Formal kilns and manufactured superb quality of white porcelains to be used for the royal courtroom and to export to China.[three]|Anyaa M Anyaa is a versatile author by having an insatiable wanderlust plus a deep enjoy for all items Korea. Her enthusiasm for exploration and storytelling shines by in her varied articles or blog posts masking just about every facet of Korean vacation.}
The Chinese male might have been one of below fifty Chinese men and women in Mokpo at some time,40 and he undoubtedly had a tricky time Together with the well supplied Eugene?�s description.-century Swedish emigrants who nevertheless retain varying aspects of Swedish id to today are available during the Americas (Specially Minnesota and Wisconsin; see Swedish People in america) As well as in Ukraine.|So, the following time you end up in Mokpo, make sure to seek out out a local eatery serving up these savory oyster pancakes. Your flavor buds will thank you for your unforgettable culinary encounter!|Please Observe that several of the photos on our Web site are created employing AI algorithms. Although we attempt for accuracy, any issues or inaccuracies in these photographs usually are not our obligation.|Although it would choose A different 7 or more decades for South Korea to own its first democratic presidential election, the uproar a result of the episode planted the roots for Chun?�s collapse. |In English, the definite post is ?�the??plus the indefinite content articles are ?�a??and ?�an?? In Swedish, this is the small diverse.|In the 18th century, Sweden did not have plenty of resources to maintain its territories outdoors Scandinavia, and The majority of them were dropped, culminating While using the 1809 loss of eastern Sweden to Russia which became the hugely autonomous Grand Principality of Finland in Imperial Russia.[citation needed]|Forced to cede massive regions of land during the Treaty of Nystad in 1721, Sweden also misplaced its spot as an empire and as the dominant condition to the Baltic Sea. With Sweden's shed impact, Russia emerged being an empire and have become one of Europe's dominant nations.|In the event you ever find yourself in Mokpo, don?�t miss the chance to savor the delightful Guljeon, a savory oyster pancake that's been a neighborhood specialty for generations. The rich background powering this dish, the distinctive blend of substances, and the most beneficial destinations to try everything lead towards the culinary encounter that Mokpo provides.|In sum, It might be much less deceptive to get in touch with the interval from 800 ce East Scandinavian and transfer the Swedish?�Danish difference a number of generations later, say, around 1200 with regard on the Zealand-based mostly divergence and 1400 with regard to central Scandinavian innovations that by no means arrived at outdoors the Scandinavian Peninsula. This kind of specification also clarifies the roots with the North Germanic linguistic landscape inside the early twenty first century.|8. Makgeolli: This milky, a little sweet rice wine is a traditional Korean Liquor that pairs completely with Gwangju?�s spicy and savory dishes. Love it in a conventional Korean cafe or a makgeolli bar for the total experience.|You will discover twenty consonants inside the Swedish language. Whilst Many of them are the same as English, There are many important pronunciation variances that you have to know of. |Though practically nothing continues to be on the colonial station structures closest the particular coach station, somewhat even more north together the train tracks undoubtedly are a few early present day warehouses. These constructions sat close to the Railroad Servicing Business (or might need even been A part of it).fifty five| in Korean) in Kyoto, Japan set up a department temple in Mokpo. This department in Mokpo was rebuilt a few years later on in 1905 as being the Buddhist population grew. The present temple framework That is still right now is believed to have been inbuilt the 1930s, on the other hand it's unclear whether it had been a renovation with the 1905 setting up or a completely new temple hall.|Structurally, Swedish misplaced situation and verbal arrangement morphology, formulated required expletive topics, and altered its term get in subordinate clauses. Swedish shares much of this improvement with Danish and Norwegian.}
But, these dialects will not be Substantially different from one another. The only real recognizable difference is simply the accent. So, Most people understands one another great in Sweden and in Swedish communities outside the country.
The Gwangju Museum of Artwork showcases up to date Korean and Worldwide art, with a center on operates by neighborhood artists from Gwangju as well as the surrounding spots. The museum?�s collections involve paintings, sculptures, and multimedia art parts. constructed.??57|fifty seven} This Be aware, nonetheless tiny, is vital since it perhaps gives some clue as on the setting up?�s designer or builders. For instance, Chinese masons have been in lots of scenarios accountable for the brick operate of the more elaborate Western styled structures in Korea.|Check out considered one of South Korea?�s purely natural miracles for the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve, renowned for its reed fields and migratory chook populations. Have a stroll along the eco-friendly boardwalks to watch the world?�s assorted ecosystem up near.|Grammatical principles are logical. As well as the alphabet is almost the same. The one Component of Mastering Swedish that?�s more difficult to get used to is definitely the pronunciation. But, when you grasp that, you?�re fantastic to go.|These days, the marketplace however has a solid bond Together with the art that rescued it, as well as the traders and artists coexist peacefully and productively. |On the primary Road of Sumun-ro, You will find there's two-story colonial developing by using a incredibly preserved facade. The 1st ground makes us of stone whilst the second floor is spackeled with clay or cement. Its underlying frame is probably going brick, but its possible the next amount was framed with Wooden.|The Suncheon Bay Garden can also be nearby, offering wonderfully themed gardens from all over the world. Sunsets Listed below are stunning, casting a golden glow in excess of the landscape.}
The website is about in a very picturesque landscape, rendering it a great place for each historical past buffs and character lovers. It?�s a tranquil, contemplative put that requires you back 1000s of yrs.
Gwangju Lake is an ecological park designed up of diverse themed sections, such as a wetland because of the lake, a grass peace place, a purely natural observation back garden, and an ecological Understanding industry. Full of Joy??(?�복??가?�한 �?. While it's been called the former residence in the director on the Mokpo Oriental Development Organization, I?�ve also viewed it known as the Nasangsu House.58 The background in the construction is unclear. Regardless of whether it were being fully architecturally first it will continue to be difficult to exactly day with no colonial paperwork or information.|Listed here?�s a taste of what Gwangju has around the menu, from conventional Korean dishes to nearby specialties and contemporary delights.|Combined with a savory batter made from flour, eggs, and seasonings, the oysters make a harmonious combination of flavors and textures that is just unforgettable.|Swedish is the primary language in Sweden and among the two Formal languages in Finland (Finnish is the opposite). It's the most important on the North Germanic languages and has about ten.5 million L1 speakers all over the world.|Meet up with the renowned Jindo dogs, a beloved and loyal breed indigenous to this island. Enjoy the pristine natural landscapes of Jindo, ideal for hiking and Discovering conventional Korean villages.|In the midst of the early modern day period, Swedish and Norwegian converged more, developing quite comparable phonological programs. The more conspicuous with the shared qualities include two unique rounded large entrance vowels, entrance /y/ and entrance-central /|Despite the loneliness due to a lack of community Western acquaintances, the Bells lived an or else snug daily life after the construction in their new dwelling in the direction of the tip of 1898.}
Whilst men and women have been within the desert, there was a person who carried firewood on the Sunday. Moses had him locked up, as well as Lord confirmed Moses how to proceed with him.|One of the more one of a kind areas of Mokpo?�s oyster pancakes may be the cooking approach. Traditionally, the pancakes are cooked over a scorching griddle, allowing for the batter to crisp up even though the oysters inside continue to be juicy and tender.|If you choose to enterprise as a result of to this spot, keep in mind that it is taken into account sacred to the regional people and respect need to be shown.|The purpose of this comparison will be to provide the reader a arms-on expertise of many of the more distinguished variations that Swedish underwent during the late Middle Ages. During, the comparison is connected with PDS.|The Gwangju revolt was sparked by university student demonstrations contacting for democracy, which were being corresponding to but less violent compared to the Tiananmen Square tragedy.|Welcome towards the savory environment of Mokpo?�s famous oyster pancakes! For those who?�re a foods enthusiast in search of a delightful culinary experience, Mokpo would be the location to be. Recognized for its refreshing seafood and special flavors, Mokpo?�s oyster pancakes are a must-try delicacy that will tantalize your flavor buds.|Howe, S. (1996). The private pronouns inside the Germanic languages: A research of private pronoun morphology and change within the Germanic languages from the first documents on the present working day|It?�s a spot of reflection and Studying, established inside a tranquil eco-friendly House. The park also hosts cultural and commemorative functions, especially in May well.|The market?�s weekly evening marketplaces, held each and every Saturday, also generate many interest with the local community.|the look at from the Skywalk is absolutely amazing. In addition, you get plenty of photogenic cafes all around this vacationer location with stunning interiors and genuinely amazing foods to love your day. One of them is Daebandong 201, which can be more preferred amongst visitors for its fantastically built rainbow staircase.|A compact ocean-side village sat on the tip from the South Jeolla province through the Joseon time period. Approximated as obtaining only eighty households inside the late 1800s,1 this unimportant farming community would grow to be amongst Korea?�s most influential colonial port towns. Its title was Mokpo, and nowadays it is made up of several of the most intriguing early contemporary architecture in all of Korea.|There's also this short row of colonial properties that is certainly closer to the previous northern (Korean) village location compared to railway area.|In its early times, Mokpo?�s economic progress may possibly have already been slowed by incidents like the ongoing wharf worker Corporation (|A draught in 1927 built the problem even even worse as farmers still left their rural residences and flooded Mokpo, some wandering the streets begging for food stuff. The Jungoe Ilbo|Moving far from the harbor and Ogeori to the foot of Yudalsan, a number of much more fascinating structures is usually viewed. One example is, an previous brick wall is still trapped to this newer constructing at the Muan-dong Intersection (pictured under). Close to it, in The brand new gravel car parking zone, is surely an outdated earthen retaining wall supporting a wall of bricks in addition to it.|Like the corner buildings, cement exteriors can be found on other structures while in the outdated harbor. Additionally, there are clear purple brick constructions, similar to this two-story making ideal before the h2o opsite that options arched Home windows on its 2nd flooring (previous Photograph beneath).|is marked for frequent gender singular matching the characteristics on the noun it modifies; Assess the very similar phrase giltigt skäl|Quite possibly the most convenient way to get to the metropolis of Mokpo from Seoul is with the Korean prepare, KTX, in the Seoul Station. You receive about seven KTX daily from Seoul, broadly spaced throughout the day, so there isn't any concerns in the event you miss just one prepare.|-passive, There may be also a periphrastic passive, which is shaped with be or turn out to be in addition to a passive participle; Assess affhugne wåro|Step back again in time at the Nagan People Village, in which you can discover perfectly-preserved thatched-roof homes and experience classic Korean village life. The village typically hosts cultural events and workshops, from pottery generating to common songs performances.|The similarities involving English and Swedish don?�t stop listed here. The way you conjugate verbs in Swedish are going to be extremely acquainted and rather easy for language learners. For starters, you don?�t should listen to pronouns when you?�re conjugating. Each individual verb has 1 certain kind for each verb tense.|Gwangju can be a metropolis outlined by not merely by tradition and nature, but by tragedy too. Even though it really is property to temples and surrounded by wonderful mountains, its people today bled for democracy inside the nineteen eighties. In 1980, 1000's have been mentioned to possess perished as the military quashed the rebellion.|The reaction of the government was to chop shelling out and institute a multitude of reforms to further improve Sweden's competitiveness, between them cutting down the welfare condition and privatising general public products and services and items.|Down a side Road in front of the elderly treatment clinic is the previous Mokpo Youth Heart. Built in 1925, it has been preserved because of it remaining a base with the anti-Japanese youth movement and for staying the put where the Joseon Youth (조선�?��) journal was posted.|One of the more important remaining properties close to the outdated Ogeori is the former Mokpo Department of Honam Financial institution. It is an extremely simple modernist structure relationship to 1929 that capabilities rows of tall windows and decorative sq. types amongst the initial and second flooring facades. Some images offered inside a PDF by the Cultural Heritage Administration?�s Web page (Just click here) exhibits that the inside staircase may well nonetheless be intact.}
Even though Mastering Swedish is less complicated than other languages, there?�s often a means to make it simpler. Researching it with a fascinating and enjoyable software that really provides you results is so much better. If that seems like anything you?�d love to check out, you have to download OptiLingo.}